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#1 |
Regular Crew
Join Date: Sep 2004
Location: texas
Posts: 60
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frame movie mode vs. 24p
ok, im pretty new into dv...so this is a pretty amature question. what is the difference between frame movie mode and 24p. is frame movie mode 25 frames a second? and is it progressive scanned frames? which leads me to my second question...what is the difference between 'pal' and 'ntsc'? i was thinking that pal was progressive scanned, and ntsc was interlaced....but im not sure where i may have read/heard that....im not sure which forum this belonged in..but i know that the xl1s has frame movie mode and so was pretty sure that you guys could answer my question...but feel free to move this thread wherever need be. thanks in advance.
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#2 |
Major Player
Join Date: May 2005
Location: Philadelphia, PA
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Frame movie mode is "Fake Progressive" meaning that it looks like progressive (30p), because of some in-camera magic.
PAL and NTSC are the 2 video standards, NTSC is the US. PAL is basically everywhere else. PAL is 25 frames per second. NTSC is 30. Both can be interlaced or progressive. PAL has a slightly better resolution. 24p is great if you're doing a filmout, but some people don't like the look it gives on a TV. If you don't like it, try Frame Movie Mode. It's fake 30p. |
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#3 |
Major Player
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Knoxville TN
Posts: 589
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I understood Frame to be the same as progressive on the Canon, yet you are calling it a "fake" progressive.
Do you know of a thread that might explain this in more detail? I missed that one. Thanks.
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#4 |
RED Code Chef
Join Date: Oct 2001
Location: Holland
Posts: 12,514
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I will re-cap the differences shortly for you (for DV):
NTSC: - resolution: 720 x 480 - pixel aspect ratio: 0.9091 (1.0 means a pixel is perfectly square [which is normally the case on a computer monitor]) - framerate: 29.97 fps (59.94 fields [= halve frames] per second), usually called 30 fps or 60i (i stands for interlaced) PAL: - resolution: 720 x 576 - pixel aspect ratio: 1.0926 - framerate: 25.0 fps (50.0 fields per second) In interlaced mode the frame is vertically sliced in two halves, they are recorded (and should be) played back at 1/59.94th or 1/50th of a second apart. If you look at this on a progressive monitor (like a computer monitor) you can see this time difference inbetween the two fields if you a) move the camera or b) something is moving in your recording. Progressive is the opposite of interlaced. Here the full frame is sampled at the exact same time. Film is progressive. Some (newer) DV camera's have progressive mode as well. Film is shot at 24 frames per second. This is something PAL or NTSC cannot do (basically). If you have a 24p (always progressive!) camera (which can only be an NTSC camera, PAL does not have 24p!) it is recorded to tape as 29.97 fps, which during editing you can turn back into 24p (without loss). Frame mode on the Canon camera's sits inbetween interlaced and progressive mode. It is not interlaced and it is not progressive (as in how the signal is acquired from the CCD chips). It is turned into progressive by the camera (so the end result is the "same"!), but you loose a bit of quality / perceived resolution by this. Some people find this a problem, some don't.
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#5 |
Regular Crew
Join Date: Sep 2004
Location: texas
Posts: 60
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oh. well, thank you all for that thorough explanation. it deffinitley cleared some things up for me. thanks again.
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#6 | |||||
Built the VanceCam
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Prescott Valley, AZ
Posts: 109
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Quote:
Quote:
You can create a progressive image using NTSC or PAL signals, but the signal itself is still interlaced. Quote:
There are also 25P "PAL" cameras which can be slowed to attain 24P. Quote:
Film is not progressive. Film is not scanned. "progressive" and "interlaced" are terms describing the method used to transfer (scan) the image from the imager. Progressive scanning results in the capture of images that are similar to a captured film frame. I know we often talk of film as "progressive" but it's important to explain the difference, especially when we're helping a newbie understand the formats--he'll appreciate that knowledge down the road. Quote:
Jared: Check out Scott Billups' book, "Digital Moviemaking" for an easy-to-understand and much more thorough explanation of this and many other related topics. |
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#7 |
Trustee
Join Date: May 2005
Location: Saint Cloud, Florida
Posts: 1,043
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How in editing do you turn it back to 24p? Say the NLE is Premiere Pro.
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#8 | ||||||
RED Code Chef
Join Date: Oct 2001
Location: Holland
Posts: 12,514
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Thanks for your thoughts Vance, much appreciated. However, I tried to keep
the explenation simple. I was only talking about the DV world (where every 24p camera IS NTSC for example). I know DV always records the information as interlaced. Quote:
camera's or other professional mixes of standards. I was trying to keep it simple since 24p is mainly/mostly used in NTSC countries with NTSC "like" equipment. That better? Quote:
scanned like the CCD/CMOS chips do. It is captured (by the film) in a moment in time. It gives the same kind of look as progressive does in the digital imaging world. Quote:
interlaced as well. However, the frame mode is not a simple de-interlace as can be done in post. It is special technique Canon does in hardware where it uses CCD timings to help in creation of this faux progressive signal. I agree with you fully on all of this Vance. It's just that I really did not want to burden Jared with all this extra technical stuff yet. Perhaps that was a "mistake" indeed.
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#9 |
Major Player
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Knoxville TN
Posts: 589
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Since you both know a fair amount about how it scans for frame mode…
do either of you know how the Canon is different than other cameras in how it interpolates/scans for its frame/progressive mode? Or is it not all that different? Perhaps the answer also helps explain why Canon referred to the mode as "Frame" and not "Progressive" (as most TV/DVD players refer to that mode)?
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#10 |
Inner Circle
Join Date: Jun 2004
Location: Belgium
Posts: 2,195
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I think it's not all that different, because in the end the only difference is that you loose some resolution instead of a full progressive camera where you don't.
I'm talking PAL now, if you shoot Frame Mode with a PAL XL1s you get 25P and the difference between 24p and 25p is not noticable. You only have to watch it if you are doing a blow-up to film for your sound, because then you have to convert 25p to 24p, which isn't a problem, but you have to be careful about speeding up your sound, so it's done the right way. I think Canon referred to it as Frame Mode because, in the beginning, their goal with the Frame Mode was, that you could have a video, but take a 'frame' out of it, if you would like to have pictures from your video, but you don't want those horizontal lines interlaced video gives you. You have to know the first DV Progressive camera (the DVX100) camera AFTER the XL1, so Canon were the first (or am I wrong here? If so, correct me) to bring this kind of 'fake progressive'. At the time people were overwhelmed by it, because there wasn't any other 24p (or 25p) dv camera available. Hope this helps a bit, |
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#11 |
Regular Crew
Join Date: Sep 2004
Location: texas
Posts: 60
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well ive been out for a few days...so i havnt had time to respond to any of this. sorry. but i think im understanding it now.... thanks everyone for your responses. this is deffinitley the best mb that i'm a member of.
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#12 |
Built the VanceCam
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Prescott Valley, AZ
Posts: 109
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Rob:
I figured you were just keeping it simple for the newbie, and I debated whether to go into more detail at the risk of adding confusion, but I decided to go for it, so that as Jared progresses, he'll be able to come back to the posts and hopefully understand more each time. (Or not!) Somewhere between your and my posts is probably the ideal amount of info! Mathieu; Regarding your comment, "I think it's not all that different" I would argue with that. If it wasn't all that different, no one would bother with "true progressive." As videographers or filmmakers, we should consider any loss of resolution something to be avoided whenever possible. Part of the confusion about this mode is that it is commonly described as "like progressive but loses some resolution" which is kind of true but doesn't tell the whole story. The interpolation done in frame-movie mode skips some information on the alternate lines and fills it in with interpolated values. This shows up as a perceived "loss of resolution." By the way, the reason that Canon came up with frame-movie mode was to give users something more filmlike, while using interlaced CCD chips. Interlaced CCD chips are constructed differently than progressive CCD chips, and are not capable of progressive scanning*. So Canon was actually quite clever in coming up with this method to emulate a progressive look. But it can never be as sharp and filmlike as true progressive scanning. If you have an XL1, it will definitely give a nice film look, but a true progressive scan camera will give a way better film look. (*This may be confusing to those who have seen my Vancecam 25P camera, which does in fact extract a true progressive image using interlaced CCDs, but that required a very unconventional "one-off" approach.) |
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#13 | |
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Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: Mays Landing, NJ
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#14 | |
Regular Crew
Join Date: Feb 2005
Location: Rainham, Kent, UK
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Quote:
It's my understanding that all CCDs are actually progressive devices; as far as I know, it's not actually even possible to create an "interlaced" CCD. Having said that, I still haven't found any good technical explanation for why Frame Movie does what it does. |
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#15 |
Major Player
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Knoxville TN
Posts: 589
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Excellent info guys, I got to hand it to the members of this forum, you are a good group.
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